| Canton 10
Hercegbosanska županija (hr) Kanton 10 (bs, sr-lat) Кантон 10 (sr-cyrl) |
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| — Canton — | |||
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| Location of Canton 10 within Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||
| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||
| Canton capital | Livno | ||
| Municipalities | Livno, Tomislavgrad, Kupres, Glamoč, Bosansko Grahovo, Drvar | ||
| Government | |||
| • Head of Canton | Nediljko Rimac | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 4,934.1 km2 (1,905.1 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2011 estimate)[1] | |||
| • Total | 79,879 | ||
| • Density | 16.2/km2 (41.9/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | CET | ||
| Website | http://www.vladahbz.com/ | ||
Canton 10 or County 10 is the tenth canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The capital of County and its president is in Kupres. The local government seat is in Livno, while the assembly is in Tomislavgrad.[2]
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In Bosnian and Serbian, the term kanton is used, while in Croatian the term županija is used. The canton is officially referred by the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina as Canton 10/County 10 (Kanton 10 or Županija 10).[3] The local government however refers to it as the Herzeg-Bosnian County (Hercegbosanska županija) and uses that name in the local constitution.[4][5] It references the self-proclaimed entity of Herzeg-Bosnia that existed during the Bosnian war. This name has been deemed unconstitutional by the Federation Constitutional Court partly because it "does not cover any part of the traditional region of Herzegovina".[3] That geographic proof is however disputed since the borders of Herzegovina are not strictly geographically, and especially not legally determined. Other names used at the national level include West Bosnia Canton/County (Zapadnobosanski kanton, Zapadnobosanska županija) and Livno Canton (Livanjski kanton), after its capital.[6][7][8]
The flag and coat of arms of the canton were the same as the flag and coat of arms of the former Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia. West Herzegovina canton, another canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also used this flag and coat of arms. These symbols were deemed unconstitutional by the Federation Constitutional Court, because "it only represented one group".[3] The local government, however, continues using them. The coat of arms is used at plates at the official instituitions. Due the name and symbols dispute, the local police up to this day has no official badges.
The area of the County is 4,934.1 km², a tenth of the surface of Bosnia-Herzegovina and cca 19% of the Federation.[9] The density population is 18.24/km². Rugged and wide karst fields characterize the County geographically.
It includes 6 municipalities: Drvar, Bosansko Grahovo, Glamoč (with Serbian majority) and Kupres, Livno, Tomislavgrad (with Croatian majority). Local government has 8 ministries and all of them are placed in Livno.[10]
At the 1991 census, 115,726 people inhabited the County; at present, there are about 90,000.
The largest ethnic group is Croats, the second Serbs, and third Bosniaks. Three municipalities have an ethnic Croat majority (Kupres, Livno, Tomislavgrad), and three have an ethnic Serb majority (Drvar, Bosansko Grahovo, Glamoč).
In 2003, the population numbered 83,701 people, including:
The exact demographic composition is not known because there has been no census since 1991 and there was significant population migration during the war.
The County is situated near the border with Croatia and near following counties: West Hercegovina County, Una-Sana County, Central Bosnia County and Herzegovina-Neretva County. It is situated in the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina and is also situated near the Serb entity in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The main center of the county is in the city of Livno which is the biggest city in the county. In the County there are big fields like the Livno fields, there are big lakes like the Busko lake and the Kupres lake. There are green forests and high mountains like near Kupres, a city where many tourists (mostly from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina) go to ski in the winter.
There are high mountains in this County and the mountains makes a natural border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. There are also mountains near Kupres and in other central parts of the County.
This county is one of the most affected by the consequences of war. The County itself can not maintain its administration.
Due to economic reasons (insufficient County revenues compared to expenses) unification with West Herzegovina County has been proposed.[11][12]